Nhasi, ndichakupa sumo pfupi yenhoroondo yemapurasitiki.

Plastiki yekutanga yakanyatsogadzirwa munhoroondo yevanhu yaive phenolic resin yakagadzirwa neAmerican Baekeland ine phenol uye formaldehyde muna 1909, inozivikanwawo seBaekeland plastic.Phenolic resins inogadzirwa ne condensation reaction ye phenols uye aldehydes, uye ndeye thermosetting mapurasitiki.Nzira yekugadzirira yakakamurwa kuita nhanho mbiri: nhanho yekutanga: yekutanga polymerize kuita komboni ine yakaderera mutsara dhigirii yepolymerization;danho rechipiri: shandisa kupisa kwekushisa kwepamusoro kuishandura kuita musanganiswa wepolymer ine dhigirii repolymerization.
Mushure memakore anopfuura zana ebudiriro, zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki zvave kwese kwese uye zvinoramba zvichikura pamwero unotyisa.Pure resin inogona kunge isina ruvara uye yakajeka kana chena muchitarisiko, kuitira kuti chigadzirwa hachina maficha akajeka uye anoyevedza.Naizvozvo, kupa zvigadzirwa zvepurasitiki mavara akajeka rave basa risingadzivisike reindasitiri yekugadzira mapurasitiki.Nei mapurasitiki akakurumidza kugadzirwa mumakore zana chete?Kunyanya nekuti ane zvinotevera zvakanakira:

1. Plastics inogona kugadzirwa pamwero mukuru.(Kuburikidzaplastiki mold)

2. Hukama hwehuputi hwepurasitiki huri chiedza uye simba rakakwirira.

3. Purasitiki ine corrosion resistance.

4. Purasitiki ine zvakanaka kuvharidzira uye kupisa kupisa zvinhu.

Kune marudzi akawanda emapurasitiki.Ndeapi marudzi makuru e thermoplastics?

1. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) imwe yemapurasitiki makuru-chinangwa.Pakati pemapurasitiki mashanu epamusoro epasi, kugona kwayo kugadzira ndeyechipiri kune polyethylene.PVC ine kuomarara kwakanaka uye kushomeka kwekudzivirira, asi haina elasticity, uye monomer yayo ine chepfu.

2. Polyolefin (PO), iyo inonyanya kuzivikanwa ndeye polyethylene (PE) uye polypropylene (PP).Pakati pavo, PE ndechimwe chezvakakura-chinangwa chepurasitiki zvigadzirwa.PP ine yakaderera hama density, haina chepfu, haina kunhuwa uye ine yakanaka yekupisa.Inogona kushandiswa kwenguva yakareba pakupisa kweanenge 110 degrees Celsius.Yeduplastiki chipunuinogadzirwa nechikafu giredhi PP.

3. Styrene resins, kusanganisira polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABSuye polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

4. Polyamide, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polyoxymethylene (POM).Iri rudzi rwepurasitiki rinogona kushandiswa sechinhu chechimiro, chinozivikanwawo sechinhu cheinjiniya.

Kuwanikwa uye kushandiswa kwemapurasitiki kwakanyorwa munhoroondo dzezvakaitika kare, uye yakanga iri yechipiri yakakosha kugadzirwa yakabata vanhu muzana remakore rechi20.Plastic zvechokwadi chishamiso panyika!Nhasi, tinogona kutaura pasina kuwedzeredza: "Upenyu hwedu hahugoni kuparadzaniswa nepurasitiki"!